Tomasik L., Wawrzyniak W., Winnicki A., 1982. Oxygen deficiency and negative temperature as teratogenic factors in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 12 (2): 93-100.

Research on effects of low temperature and oxygen deficiency affecting, separately and jointly, developing embryos of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.) demonstrated the occurrence of various malformations (spine distortions, twin forms) as well as vast damages of blood vessels leading to death of the embryos and larvae affected to be brought about. The number of teratologic changes and mortality rate of the embryos and larvae were found to be much higher at a joint action of the two factors than the same effects obtained with each adverse factor acting separately.